Procedure: Experimental subjects

Three females and three males took part in the recordings, all undergraduate or postgraduate students of Edinburgh University. Four of the subjects were speakers of Standard Southern British English; two were speakers of Northern English dialects. The distribution of sex and dialect of the speakers is shown in Table 1. Subjects received five pounds after each recording session and an additional five pounds for completing all three sessions. Subjects were not given any specific information about the purpose of the recordings until after they had completed them.